CIL produces syntheses of relevant research and guides for effective practice to inform regional, state, and local applications of innovations in learning. Research Syntheses review current bodies of literature and provide summary of knowledge gained from the research. Practice Guides include action principles and examples of effective practice for application by SEAs, LEAs, and schools. Topics for Research Syntheses and Practice Guides are determined by (a) their relevance to the Center’s scope of responsibility, (b) the Department’s priorities, (c) the expressed needs of RCCs and SEAs, and (d) anticipation of needs that are likely to arise in the months and years ahead.